TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPPING: HIGH RISKS!!!
The main methods of transporting goods are road, rail, air and sea. Transporting goods by sea is called shipping. We all know that transportation and shipping interface with risks and that is why we should insure our cargo and prepare all necessary documentation.
I’d like to help you with it and to tell about some shipping documents and terms concerning insurance in foreign trade.
So, the first document - A Bill of Lading (b/l or blading) is a receipt given by the shipping company. The main document used by air transport is the Air Waybill (AWB). Unlike the bill of lading, the Air Waybill is only a receipt and cannot be transferred to another person.
The second ones - Consignment notes are used in road and rail transportation, and like the AWB they are not documents of title so ownership of the document does not mean ownership of the goods. They are not negotiable, i.e. they cannot be bought, sold, transferred by the consignor (the exporter), or the consignee (the importer).
There are a variety of vessels available for exporters to use when shipping goods safely:
— Passenger liners;
— Passenger cargo vessels;
— Tramps
— Tankers;
— Container vessels;
— Roll-on roll-off ferries;
— Barges (lighters).
Before the name of the ship, which is usually underlined in correspondence, the letter SS stand for Steam Ship and show that it is a British Merchant Vessel. MV, Motor Vessel or Merchant Vessel, and MS, Motor Ship are also used.
The main documents (besides bill of lading) used in shipping are:
— Freight account
— Dock receipt (wharfinger1s receipt)
— Shipped bill of lading
Good packaging is essential because it ensures that goods arrive at their destination in good condition. Therefore, the choice of packaging must suit the product, the means of carriage, handling facilities and any changes in climate during transport. In some countries, import duties are assessed according to the gross weight of shipments, which includes packaging. Therefore, the heavier the packaging the higher the duties will be. Goods packed separately, not in containers, are called conventional cargo.
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Yours sincerely,
AlexSandra